Nobel Price Award - 2014 has been decleared and i am feeling very proud that Kailash Satyarthi from india got Nobel Peace Price for his child right activities. We will discuss them later. Lets have some information regarding who and why all these scientist or person got nobel price.
Physics Nobel Price:- The Nobel Prize in Physics 2014 was awarded jointly to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura"for the invention of efficient blue light-emitting diodes which has enabled bright and energy-saving white light sources".
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are narrow-band light sources based on semiconductor components, with wavelengths ranging from the infrared to the ultraviolet. The first LEDs were studied and constructed during the 1950s and 1960s in several laboratories. They emitted light at different wavelengths, from the infrared to the green. However, emitting blue light proved to be a difficult task, which took three more decades to achieve. It required the development of techniques for the growth of high-quality crystals as well as the ability to control p-doping of semiconductors with high bandgap, which was achieved with gallium-nitride (GaN) only at the end of the 1980s. The development of efficient blue LEDs also required the production of GaN-based alloys with different compositions and their integration into multilayer structures such as heterojunctions and quantum wells. The invention of efficient blue LEDs has led to white light sources for illumination. When exciting a phosphor material with a blue LED, light is emitted in the green and red spectral ranges, which, combined with the blue light, appears as white. Alternatively, multiple LEDs of complementary colours (red, green and blue) can be used together.Both of these technologies are used in today's high-efficiency white electroluminescent
light sources. These light sources, with very long lifetimes, have begun to replace incandescent and fluorescent lamps for general lighting purposes. Since lighting represents 20-30% of our electrical energy consumption, and since these new white light sources require ten times less energy than ordinary light bulbs, the use of efficient blue LEDs leads to significant energy savings, of great benefit to mankind.You can read everything in details from here
Chemistry Nobel Price:- The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2014 was awarded jointly to Eric Betzig, Stefan W. Hell and William E. Moerner"for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy".
Its time to go far beyond Abbe's diffraction limit now. With the invention of super resolution method Nowadays we can go inside a cell at nano level. in STED(Stimulated Emission Depletion), the method is quite interesting. Keep some fluorophores darks and play ON/OFF. Excitation and de-excitation of fluorophore. When we look at confocal microscopy we find that all molecule illumiate at same time so that we got a blur image of a molecule but in STED we exciting 1 or 2 molecules and then we are getting a more clear and super resolution image of molecule. Stefen W. Hell explained it in himself in this video. You can read everything in details from here .
Medicine Nobel Price:- The Nobel Prize in Medicine 2014 was awarded jointly to John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser"for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain".
Do you have any idea, why we feel any place familiar when we visit again there. well, place cell and grid cell in brain can be the answer which create a positioning system in brain consider as GPS of brain. well the award goes for medicine this year this discovery only. O'Keefe got his price for Place cell which is place in hippocampus area in brain. and Moser's Couple discover Grid cells, Head Direction cells and Border Cells which create a grid in mind and located at entorhinal cortex in brain. More more detail please read medicine nobel lacture
Nobel Peace Price:- The Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 was awarded jointly to Kailash Satyarthi, Malala Yousafzai "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education."Kailash Satyarthi from india is famous for his Bachpan_Bachao_Andolan in 1980 which has been protect the rights of more than 83K children and active in almost 140 counties.right now this andolan include Child Labour Free India Campaign, Right to Education Campaign, Child Domestic Labour campaign, Mukti Caravan, Missing Children Campaign.Nov 19 2014, He is launching End Child Slavery campaign. be a part of his active effort. Visit site. Malala Yousafzai from pakistan and woman education activist and youngest nobel price winner ever in history. She has done great work for woman-education in northwest Pakistan where local taliban had at times banned girls from attending school and at the age of 11-12 she wrote a blog under psedonym for the BBC explaining everything about her life and problem at her native place. in Oct 2012 someone fired 3 bullets in her mind but this assassination attempt sparked a national and international outpouring of support for Yousafzai and her dream. its not surprising that she is the yongest ever nobel peace price recipient.
Economic Science Price:- The Nobel Prize fro Econimic Science in 2014 was awarded to Jean Tirole "for his analysis of market power and regulation"
Jean Tirole has
penetrated deep into the most central issues of oligopolies and assymetric information, but he has
also managed to bring together his own and other’s results into a coherent framework for
teaching, practical application, and continued research. Tirole’s emphasis on normative theories of
regulation and competition policy has given his contributions great practical significance. More more detail please read medicine nobel lacture
Literature Price:- The Nobel Prize for Literature in 2014 was awarded to French writer Patrick Modiano "for the art of memory with which he has evoked the most ungraspable human destinies and uncovered the life-world of the occupation"
Patrick Modiano, who has published about 30 works, including novels, children’s books and screenplays, rose to prominence in 1968 with his novel, "La Place de l’Étoile." Many of his fictional works are set in Paris during World War II, and some play with the detective genre. His works have been translated around the world, and about a dozen of his books have been translated into English. But he is not widely known outside France. One of his novels, "Missing Person," won the prestigious Prix Goncourt in 1978, but has sold just 2,425 copies in the United States.In France, Mr. Modiano’s books are widely read, in part because of their pithy and compact style. His most famous works include "Missing Person," an existential thriller about a man who travels the world trying to piece together his identity; "Dora Bruder," which investigates the disappearance of a Jewish girl in 1941; and "Out of the Dark," a hallucinatory novel narrated by a middle-aged writer reflecting on an affair with a young drifter.
So These are the nobel price winners, who did some incredible job this year and i hope you enjoy this article. Before ending just wanna give some information about nobel price,the most prestigious award in the fields of literature, medicine, physics, chemistry, peace, and economics.The will of Swedish inventor Alfred Nobel established the prizes in 1895. and first awarded in 1901 in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace. The related Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was created in 1968.The Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while the other prizes are awarded in Stockholm, Sweden
